原始起源

英語(yǔ)是一門(mén)逐漸發(fā)展演變的語(yǔ)言，早在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)期，英語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)只有以下這兩種，即簡(jiǎn)單句的原始結(jié)構(gòu)。

主+謂+賓 主+系+表

主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。在原始的簡(jiǎn)單句中，主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞表示。例如：

During the 1990s, Americancountry musichas become more and more popular.(名詞)

Weoften speak English in class.(代詞)

One-thirdof the students in this class are girls.(數(shù)詞)

The richshould help the poor.(名詞化的形容詞)

謂語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞)：謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下：

1.簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如：He practicesrunning every morning.

2.復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如：You may keepthe book for two weeks. He has caughta bad cold. (2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如：We are students.

在英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(知道為什么嗎)，而且，我們平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)態(tài)是針對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)說(shuō)。如果以do為例，do, did ,have done, will do, had done, is/am/are doing, was/were doing, would do。在簡(jiǎn)單句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)是句子的核心，是不可以隨意刪掉的。

賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如：

They went to see an exhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)

The heavy rain prevented mefrom coming to school on time.(代詞)

How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(數(shù)詞)

They helped the oldwith their housework yesterday.(名詞化形容詞)

表語(yǔ)：表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞。

Our teacher of English is anAmerican.(名詞)

Is it yours?(代詞)

The weather has turned cold.(形容詞)

The speech is exciting.(分詞)

Three times seven is twenty one?(數(shù)詞)