--有輸入?yún)?shù)的存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程-- create proc GetComment (@commentid int) asselect * from Comment where CommentID=@commentid --有輸入與輸出參數(shù)的存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程-- create proc GetCommentCount @newsid int, @count int outputasselect @count=count(*) from Comment where NewsID=@newsid --返回單個(gè)值的函數(shù)-- create function MyFunction (@newsid int) returns intasbegindeclare @count intselect @count=count(*) from Comment where NewsID=@newsid return @countend --調(diào)用方法-- declare @count intexec @count=MyFunction 2 print @count --返回值為表的函數(shù)-- Create function GetFunctionTable (@newsid int) returns tableasreturn(select * from Comment where NewsID=@newsid) --返回值為表的函數(shù)的調(diào)用-- select * from GetFunctionTable(2)

SQLServer 存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程中不拼接SQL字符串實(shí)現(xiàn)多條件查詢(xún)

--以前拼接的寫(xiě)法 set @sql=' select * from table where 1=1 'if (@addDate is not null) set @sql = @sql+' and addDate = '+ @addDate + ' 'if (@name <>'' and is not null) set @sql = @sql+ ' and name = ' + @name + ' 'exec(@sql)

下面是 不采用拼接SQL字符串實(shí)現(xiàn)多條件查詢(xún)的解決方案

--第一種寫(xiě)法是 感覺(jué)代碼有些冗余 if (@addDate is not null) and (@name <> '') select * from table where addDate = @addDate and name = @nameelse if (@addDate is not null) and (@name ='') select * from table where addDate = @addDate else if(@addDate is null) and (@name <> '') select * from table where and name = @nameelse if(@addDate is null) and (@name = '') select * from table--第二種寫(xiě)法是 select * from table where (addDate = @addDate or @addDate is null) and (name = @name or @name = '') --第三種寫(xiě)法是 SELECT * FROM table whereaddDate = CASE @addDate IS NULL THEN addDate ELSE @addDate END, name = CASE @name WHEN '' THEN name ELSE @name END

SQLSERVER存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程基本語(yǔ)法

一、定義變量

--簡(jiǎn)單賦值 declare @a intset @a=5 print @a --使用select語(yǔ)句賦值 declare @user1 nvarchar(50) select @user1= '張三'print @user1 declare @user2 nvarchar(50) select @user2 = Name from ST_User where ID=1 print @user2 --使用update語(yǔ)句賦值 declare @user3 nvarchar(50) update ST_User set @user3 = Name where ID=1 print @user3

二、表、臨時(shí)表、表變量

--創(chuàng)建臨時(shí)表1 create table #DU_User1 ( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL); --向臨時(shí)表1插入一條記錄 insert into #DU_User1 (ID,Oid,[Login],Rtx, Name ,[ Password ],State) values (100,2, 'LS' , '0000' , '臨時(shí)' , '321' , '特殊' ); --從ST_User查詢(xún)數(shù)據(jù)，填充至新生成的臨時(shí)表 select * into #DU_User2 from ST_User where ID<8 --查詢(xún)并聯(lián)合兩臨時(shí)表 select * from #DU_User2 where ID<3 union select * from #DU_User1 --刪除兩臨時(shí)表 drop table #DU_User1 drop table #DU_User2 --創(chuàng)建臨時(shí)表 CREATE TABLE #t ( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL , ) --將查詢(xún)結(jié)果集（多條數(shù)據(jù)）插入臨時(shí)表 insert into #t select * from ST_User --不能這樣插入 --select * into #t from dbo.ST_User --添加一列，為int型自增長(zhǎng)子段 alter table #t add [myid] int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) --添加一列，默認(rèn)填充全球唯一標(biāo)識(shí) alter table #t add [myid1] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL default (newid()) select * from #t drop table #t --給查詢(xún)結(jié)果集增加自增長(zhǎng)列 --無(wú)主鍵時(shí)： select IDENTITY( int ,1,1) as ID, Name ,[Login],[ Password ] into #t from ST_User select * from #t --有主鍵時(shí)： select ( select SUM (1) from ST_User where ID<= a.ID) as myID,* from ST_User a order by myID --定義表變量 declare @t table( id int not null , msg nvarchar(50) null) insert into @t values (1, '1' ) insert into @t values (2, '2' ) select * from @t

三、循環(huán)

--while循環(huán)計(jì)算1到100的和 declare @a intdeclare @ sum intset @a=1 set @ sum =0 while @a<=100 begin set @ sum +=@a set @a+=1 endprint @ sum

四、條件語(yǔ)句

--if,else條件分支 if(1+1=2) begin print '對(duì)'endelsebegin print '錯(cuò)'end --when then條件分支 declare @today intdeclare @week nvarchar(3) set @today=3 set @week= case when @today=1 then '星期一' when @today=2 then '星期二' when @today=3 then '星期三' when @today=4 then '星期四' when @today=5 then '星期五' when @today=6 then '星期六' when @today=7 then '星期日' else '值錯(cuò)誤'endprint @week

五、游標(biāo)

declare @ID intdeclare @Oid intdeclare @Login varchar (50) --定義一個(gè)游標(biāo) declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User --打開(kāi)游標(biāo) open user_cur while @@fetch_status=0 begin--讀取游標(biāo) fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Login endclose user_cur --摧毀游標(biāo) deallocate user_cur

五、游標(biāo)

declare @ID intdeclare @Oid intdeclare @Login varchar (50) --定義一個(gè)游標(biāo) declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User --打開(kāi)游標(biāo) open user_cur while @@fetch_status=0 begin--讀取游標(biāo) fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Login endclose user_cur --摧毀游標(biāo) deallocate user_cur

六、觸發(fā)器

觸發(fā)器中的臨時(shí)表：

Inserted

存放進(jìn)行insert和update 操作后的數(shù)據(jù)

Deleted

存放進(jìn)行delete 和update操作前的數(shù)據(jù)

--創(chuàng)建觸發(fā)器 Create trigger User_OnUpdate On ST_User for Update As declare @msg nvarchar(50) --@msg記錄修改情況 select @msg = N '姓名從“' + Deleted. Name + N '”修改為“' + Inserted. Name + '”' from Inserted,Deleted --插入日志表 insert into [LOG](MSG) values (@msg) --刪除觸發(fā)器 drop trigger User_OnUpdate

七、存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程

--創(chuàng)建帶output參數(shù)的存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程 CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum @a int , @b int , @ sum int outputASBEGIN set @ sum =@a+@b END --創(chuàng)建Return返回值存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程 CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum2 @a int , @b intASBEGIN Return @a+@b END --執(zhí)行存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程獲取output型返回值 declare @mysum intexecute PR_Sum 1,2,@mysum outputprint @mysum --執(zhí)行存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程獲取Return型返回值 declare @mysum2 intexecute @mysum2= PR_Sum2 1,2 print @mysum2

八、自定義函數(shù)

函數(shù)的分類(lèi)：

1）標(biāo)量值函數(shù)

2）表值函數(shù)

a:內(nèi)聯(lián)表值函數(shù)

b:多語(yǔ)句表值函數(shù)

3）系統(tǒng)函數(shù)

--新建標(biāo)量值函數(shù) create function FUNC_Sum1 ( @a int , @b int) returns intasbegin return @a+@b end --新建內(nèi)聯(lián)表值函數(shù) create function FUNC_UserTab_1 ( @myId int) returns tableasreturn ( select * from ST_User where ID<@myId) --新建多語(yǔ)句表值函數(shù) create function FUNC_UserTab_2 ( @myId int) returns @t table( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL) asbegin insert into @t select * from ST_User where ID<@myId returnend --調(diào)用表值函數(shù) select * from dbo.FUNC_UserTab_1(15) --調(diào)用標(biāo)量值函數(shù) declare @s intset @s=dbo.FUNC_Sum1(100,50) print @s --刪除標(biāo)量值函數(shù) drop function FUNC_Sum1

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