一、介紹性說明文的寫作步驟：

第一段：開頭對(duì)要說明的事物或事情簡(jiǎn)要介紹(點(diǎn)題)

第二段：主提按照題目提供的信息分層次，按照一定的順序進(jìn)行說明，注意語言的客觀簡(jiǎn)明。

第三段：結(jié)尾照應(yīng)開頭(題目沒有特殊要求，不要對(duì)此事物發(fā)表看法)

二、常用的詞句

1. 表達(dá)時(shí)間

1)a long time ago， 2) at six o’clock in the morning， 3)at the end of，

4)at the weekend， 5)before he came here， 6) by the end of last term，

7)during the summer holidays， 8)in a few years’ time， 9)in the past，

10)in the old days， 11)in the past ten years， 12) in August 2002，

13)in winter vacation， 14) in weekdays， 15) last month， 16) next week，

17)on Sunday morning， 18)on October 1st

19)since early in the 20th century， 20)so far， 21)up to now， 22) not…until， 23)while ， 24)in the 1930’s ( in the thirties of the twentieth century)

25)January， February， March ， April， May， June， July， August， September， October， November， December

2. 表達(dá)地點(diǎn)

1)at the crossing， 2) at the end of the street， 3)at the airport， at the village，

4)at the foot of the mountain， 5)at the bottom， 6)at the top of，

7) be located in， 8) behind the park， 9)be situated in，

10)five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou，

11)in the south of Guangdong Province， 12)in the middle of the park，

13)in Class 3 Grade 2， 14)in front of the bus， 15) in the tree，

16)in Guangdong， 17) in China，

18)lies to the west of Sichuan， 19)on the other side of the street，

20)on both sides of the road， 21) on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ，

22)on the right。

3. 表達(dá)因果

as， as a result， because， because of， for， in the end， cause， result in， consequently， originate from， since， so， therefore， It is clear that… ， It turns out to be… ， The primary reason is … ， etc.

4. 常用指路句子

1)Go along the street and take the second turning on the left/turn left at the second crossing沿著這條街往前走，在第二個(gè)十字路口向左拐。

2)Cross the bridge/Go across the bridge.過橋

3)Go on until you reach the end. 一直往前走，直到盡頭。

4)It’s about 100 meters along on the right. 它就在前面靠右大約100米處。

5)Go along the street until you come to the traffic lights. 沿這條路一直走到紅綠燈那兒。

6)Turn right / left at the second crossing. (Take the second turning on the right / left.) 在第二個(gè)十字路口向右 / 左轉(zhuǎn)彎。

7)Take a number 46 bus， and get off at the square. 坐46路公共汽車，在廣場(chǎng)下車。

8)It‘s on the corner of Huaihai Street and Xizang Road. 在淮海路和西藏路的路口。

9)Go straight ahead along the bund and then turn left. 沿著外灘往前走，然后往走轉(zhuǎn)彎。

10)It’s only about ten minutes‘ walk. (D) 那兒離這兒只有走大約10分鐘的路。

My home is not far from here. It’s only five minutes walk. 我家離這兒不遠(yuǎn)，走5分鐘就到。

It is one hour’ ride from Shanghai to Suzhou. 從上海坐車到蘇州有1小時(shí)的路程。

三、段落練習(xí)

1.這所中學(xué)是20世紀(jì)60年代建立的。全校目前有21個(gè)班，121位老師和1，031名學(xué)生。學(xué)生每天上七節(jié)課，放學(xué)后還有一小時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)時(shí)間。該校的足球隊(duì)是全市的冠軍。

2.我的家鄉(xiāng)是一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。它位于河北的西部，天津的南面。雖然它很小但很漂亮。以前它很窮，現(xiàn)在發(fā)生了很大的變化。這里蓋了許多新的工廠，學(xué)校和醫(yī)院。路旁的樹木和鮮花使得它顯得很美麗。

3.我們的教學(xué)樓是一棟四層的樓房。老師的辦公室在一層。二、三、四層共有24個(gè)教室。每個(gè)教室中有50套桌椅，一臺(tái)電視機(jī)和一臺(tái)錄像機(jī)等物品。每層樓的頂端還各有一個(gè)語音教室。

4.金雞牌鬧鐘(Gold Cock Alarm Clock)特點(diǎn)： 1)記時(shí)準(zhǔn)確;2)外形多樣、美觀;3)鬧聲清脆悅耳; 4)經(jīng)久耐用;5)用戶評(píng)價(jià)高、行銷世界各地;6)質(zhì)優(yōu)價(jià)廉。

Possible version：

1.This school was set up in the 1960s. At present there are 21 classes， 1，031 students and 121 teachers in the school. The students have seven lessons every day and they have an hour for sports after class in the afternoon.。 This school is famous for its football team， which is the champion in the city.

2.My hometown is a small one. It lies in the west of Hebei and to the south of Tianjin. Small as it is， it‘s very beautiful. It used to be very poor. Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. A lot of new factories， schools and hospitals have been set up. There are many flowers and trees on the roadside， which makes my hometown. all the more beautiful.

3.Our teaching building is a four-storeyed building.(Our teaching building is a building with four stories.) The teachers’ offices are on the first floor. There are 24 classrooms on the 2nd，3rd， and 4th floor. In each classroom there are 50 sets of chairs and desks. And each classroom is furnished with a TV set 。 At the end of each floor there is a language laboratory.

4.The Gold Cock Alarm Clock has been warmly received by the people and is popular all over the world as its producer is equipped with(裝備) the most advanced equipment and has a strict management. Being of high quality， the clock keeps good time and lasts a long time. It has various beautiful models. And the alarm is pleasant to hear. However， the price is reasonable.